Empiema pleural causado por tricomonas: caso clínico / Pleural empyema caused by trichomonas: case report

Pleural empyema formation is one of the potential complications of lower respiratory tract infections and it is characterized by bacterial organisms seen on gram stain or the aspiration of pus on thoracentesis. Very rarely empyema can be caused by trichomonas species, of which Trichomonas Tenax appears to be the most common cause. In this article we report the case of a 51-year-old man who developed a pleural empyema caused by trichomonas, and review the available literature of this rare infection of unknown incidence and uncertain pathogenetic significance. Our patient was treated with metronidazole, however complete cure was not achieved and pulmonary decortication was necessary for the successful outcome. As far as we know, this is the first case of pleural empyema caused by trichomonas reported in Chile.

La formación de un empiema pleural es una de las potenciales complicaciones de las infecciones de la vía aérea inferior, y se caracteriza por la observación de bacterias en la tinción de Gram, o la aspiración de pus en la toracocentesis. Muy infrecuentemente el empiema puede ser causado por alguna de las especies de tricomonas, de las cuales Trichomonas Tenax parece ser la causa más común. En este artículo, reportamos el caso de un hombre de 51 años que desarrolló un empiema pleural causado por tricomonas, y revisamos la literatura disponible de esta rara infección, de incidencia desconocida, y significancia patogénica incierta. Nuestro paciente fue tratado con metronidazol, observándose sólo una respuesta parcial, necesitándose decorticación pulmonar para una recuperación completa. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer caso de empiema pleural causado por tricomonas reportado en Chile.

Prevalence and correlates of bacterial vaginosis among young women of reproductive age in Mysore, India.

PURPOSE: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge among women of childbearing age and is associated with STI/HIV and adverse birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of BV among young women of reproductive age in Mysore, India. METHODS: Between October 2005 and December 2006, 898 sexually active women of 15-30 years of age were enrolled from two reproductive health clinics in Mysore. The women underwent an interview followed by physical examination, HSV-2 serologic testing, endocervical culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae , and vaginal swabs for diagnosis of BV, Trichomonas vaginalis infection and candidiasis. Statistical analyses included conventional descriptive statistics and multivariable analysis using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 898 women, 391 (43.5%) were diagnosed with >or=1 endogenous reproductive tract infection and 157 (17.4%) with >or=1 sexually transmitted infection. Only 863 women had Gram-stained vaginal smears available, out of which 165 (19.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.3%-22.2%) were found to have BV and 133 (15.4, 95% CI: 12.9%-18.3%) were in the 'intermediate' stage. BV was related to concurrent infections with T. vaginalis (odds ratio [OR]=4.07, 95% CI: 2.45-6.72) and HSV-2 seropositivity (OR=2.22, 95% CI: 1.39-3.53). CONCLUSIONS: In this population, the prevalence of BV at 19% was relatively low. Coinfection with T. vaginalis , however, was common. BV was independently associated with concurrent T. vaginalis infection and partner's alcohol use. Muslim women had reduced odds of BV as compared to non-Muslim women. Further research is needed to understand the role of T. vaginalis infection in the pathogenesis of BV and the sociocultural context surrounding the condition in India.

Madre Fronteriza: estudo conjunto de prevalência de sífilis, trichomoníase e HIV em gestantes da tríplice fronteira do Alto Rio Solimões / Madre Fronteriza: joint prevalence study of syphilis, trichomoniasis and HIV in pregnant women in the triple frontier of the Upper Solimões River

Estudo de prevalência em amostra representativa das mulheres gestantes da intricada região do Alto Solimões

Pulmonary trichomoniasis: improved diagnosis by using polymerase chain reaction targeting trichomonas tenax 18Sr -RNA gene in sputum specimens

This study included 250 individuals [100 immunocompromised patients with chest complaints [group I], 100 patients with chronic pulmonary diseases [group II] and 50 healthy individuals as controls [group III]]. Twenty cases were positive in one or more methods giving for pulmonary trichomoniasis [a total prevalence of 8%; 12% in group I and 8% in group II and none in group III], with no significant difference between groups I and II. Pulmonary trichomoniasis was prevalent at an age ranged between 31-50 years and in males [10%] than females [5.5%] with no significant difference. Among the 200 examined patients, pulmonary trichomoniasis had a prevalence of 3% by wet mount. 2.5% by Giemsa-stained smear, 7% by culture compared with 10% by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. Culture was used as a reference standard. All culture positive specimens were PCR positive, showing a product at 0.8 Kb long by agarose gel electrophoresis and 100% sensitivity. Wet mount, Giemsa-stained smear and culture had a sensitivity of 43%, 35.7% and 70%, respectively. No PCR negative specimens were positive by any of the other methods. Six specimens were culture negative PCR positive and remained PCR positive when retested three times. The calculated specificity of PCR was 97%. No PCR target product was amplified with DNAs of T. vaginalis and various pulmonary pathogens. The results were discussed

Vaginite enfisematosa: apresentaçäo de um caso / Emphysematous vaginitis: report of a case

A case vaginitis emphysematosa is presented, wich, with only more 170 cases in the world literature, is the second to be described in Brazilian literature, is thes second to be described in Brazilian literature. This case is associated with idiophatic trombocitopenic purpura, cardiovascular disease and Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. The clinical aspects of this vaginitis can suggest that vlood stagnation in vaginal and cervical wall have great importance in the genesis of this situation